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\section{Text}
Text formatting in \LaTeX\ is more like HTML and Markdown than Microsoft Word. What you see is \emph{not} what you get. This has some advantages and some disadvantages, which will become clear in a moment. Let’s start simple:

\begin{multicols}{2}
\begin{lstlisting}[aboveskip=-10pt]
\LaTeX\ ignores pretty    much
     all   whitespace        (spaces 
and enters). To go to a   new line use the command: \\
\LaTeX\ also has a way of formatting paragraphs:
two newlines.
In this paragraph I show that you can \emph{emphasize} words, but you can also make them \textbf{bold}, \textit{italic} or \textbf{\textit{bold italic}}. Another thing \LaTeX\ can do is \textsc{small capitals}.
\end{lstlisting}
\columnbreak

\LaTeX\ ignores pretty
much     all
   whitespace (spaces and enters).
To go to a new line use the command: \\
\LaTeX\ also has a way of formatting paragraphs:
two newlines.

\hspace{15pt} In this paragraph I show that you can \emph{emphasize} words, but you can also make them \textbf{bold}, \textit{italic} or \textbf{\textit{bold italic}}. Another thing \LaTeX\ can do is \textsc{small capitals}.
\end{multicols}
\vspace{-10pt}

By default a new paragraph is indented. This can be changed by using the \emph{parskip} package (for more on packages, see \autoref{sec:packages}).

There are also three font families: roman (serif), sans-serif and typewriter (monospaced). The font family can be changed similarly to the font style:

\begin{multicols}{2}
\begin{lstlisting}[aboveskip=-10pt]
\textrm{This text is serif, as is all text by default.} \textsf{This text is sans-serif.} \texttt{This text is monospaced.}
\end{lstlisting}
\columnbreak
\textrm{This text is serif, as is all text by default.}
\textsf {This text is sans-serif.}
\texttt {This text is monospaced.}
\end{multicols}

Sans-serif (or monospaced) can also be made default with the following command:
\begin{lstlisting}
\renewcommand*\familydefault{\sfdefault}
\end{lstlisting}

Also look out for quotation marks and hyphens:
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\begin{lstlisting}[aboveskip=-10pt]
`This' - or ``This'' -- or---``This".
\end{lstlisting}
\columnbreak
`This' - or ``This'' -- or---``This".
\end{multicols}